Long title: Protocol for evaluating a consultation for suffering at work in French-speaking Switzerland

Introduction: Psychosocial suffering entails human, social and economic costs. In Switzerland, 34.4% of workers report chronic work-related stress. Our medical Consultation for Suffering at Work aims to preserve—or restore—the patient's capacity to act and make decisions after a diagnosis of work-related psychological suffering; it also aims to help employees get back to or remain at work. Our hypothesis is that the dynamic of the consultation itself and adherence to its medical advice are active factors of these results. Objectives: Understand changes in patients' work and health status 12 months after a Consultation for Suffering at Work. Determine the effects of the consultation on health and working status via identified active factors: the consultation dynamic and the ability to adhere to the consultation's advice. Evaluate the consultation's effects qualitatively. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal, monocentric study with a quasi-experimental design will include patients consulting between 1 January and 31 December 2018. Changes in patients' work and health status will be analysed using data collected via questionnaires at 0, 3 and 12 months. Qualitative data will be collected via a semi-structured telephone interview 3 months after the consultation. The quantitative part will include 150–170 patients; the qualitative part will include 30. Conclusion: This exploratory research project will provide a better understanding of issues of work-related psychological suffering and effective strategies to support patients. The absence of a control group and the impossibility of applying a randomised controlled design are constraints on this study

Application of biotechnologies for the increment of calves’ production

La Incorporación de las técnicas de Inseminación artificial y transferencia embrionaria(en ambos casos a tiempo fijo) y la aplicación de herramientas de sincronización y resincronización de celos, han demostrado ser capaces de aumentar la cantidad de terneros nacidos, incrementando por consiguiente la productividad y rentabilidad de las explotaciones ganaderas.The incorporation of artificial insemination and embryonic transfer techniques (in both cases at fixed times) and the application of heat synchronization and re-synchronization tools have demonstrated to be useful methods to increase the number of calves born, consequently increasing the productivity and profitability of cattle exploitations. Furthermore, the use of semen and embryos involve the genetic improvement of the farms. Such biotechnical benefits require special features, with emphasis on the appropriate control of the rodeo that includes female identification and the correct execution of the reproductive, sanitarium and nutritional procedures.Fil: Bontemps, Sophie. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Marques, M. O.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Vieira, L. M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Konrad, José Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.veterinarias. Departamento de Producción Animal; ArgentinaFil: Crudeli, Gustavo Angel. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Cs.veterinarias. Departamento de Producción Animal; Argentin

Optimal sample size and composition for crop classification with Sen2-Agri’s random forest classifier

Sen2-Agri is a software system that was developed to facilitate the use of multi-temporal satellite data for crop classification with a random forest (RF) classifier in an operational setting. It automatically ingests and processes Sentinel-2 and LandSat 8 images. Our goal was to provide practitioners with recommendations for the best sample size and composition. The study area was located in the Yaqui Valley in Mexico. Using polygons of more than 6000 labeled crop fields, we prepared data sets for training, in which the nine crops had an equal or proportional representation, called Equal or Ratio, respectively. Increasing the size of the training set improved the overall accuracy (OA). Gains became marginal once the total number of fields approximated 500 or 40 to 45 fields per crop type. Equal achieved slightly higher OAs than Ratio for a given number of fields. However, recall and F-scores of the individual crops tended to be higher for Ratio than for Equal. The high number of wheat fields in the Ratio scenarios, ranging from 275 to 2128, produced a more accurate classification of wheat than the maximal 80 fields of Equal. This resulted in a higher recall for wheat in the Ratio than in the Equal scenarios, which in turn limited the errors of commission of the non-wheat crops. Thus, a proportional representation of the crops in the training data is preferable and yields better accuracies, even for the minority crops

Les avancées de la recherche dans le domaine de la modélisation des interactions sol-arbre

Les outils de modélisation au service de la politique, de la planification et de la gestion forestière ne permettent pas encore une évaluation simultanée de l’impact des changements globaux et de la gestion sur les différentes fonctions écologiques et productives assurées par les écosystèmes forestiers. Nous proposons un état des lieux des modèles disponibles dans les différentes disciplines que sont la dendrométrie, l’écophysiologie et les sciences du sol et comment l’intégration des concepts de ces trois disciplines peut permettre d’élaborer les outils nécessaires au gestionnaire. In fine, ces nouveaux outils devront être suffisamment complets pour répondre à des questions à l’échelle de l’écosystème ; distinguer ce qui relève du processus générique de ce qui reste site-dépendant ; permettre de définir puis simuler des scénarios de gestion variés et innovants en environnement incertain, avec des contraintes de plus en plus fortes ; et être documentés et référencés pour garantir leur pérennité et leur utilisation

Building a Data Set over 12 Globally Distributed Sites to Support the Development of Agriculture Monitoring Applications with Sentinel-2

Developing better agricultural monitoring capabilities based on Earth Observation data is critical for strengthening food production information and market transparency. The Sentinel-2 mission has the optimal capacity for regional to global agriculture monitoring in terms of resolution (10–20 meter), revisit frequency (five days) and coverage (global). In this context, the European Space Agency launched in 2014 the “Sentinel­2 for Agriculture” project, which aims to prepare the exploitation of Sentinel-2 data for agriculture monitoring through the development of open source processing chains for relevant products. The project generated an unprecedented data set, made of “Sentinel-2 like” time series and in situ data acquired in 2013 over 12 globally distributed sites. Earth Observation time series were mostly built on the SPOT4 (Take 5) data set, which was specifically designed to simulate Sentinel-2. They also included Landsat 8 and RapidEye imagery as complementary data sources. Images were pre-processed to Level 2A and the quality of the resulting time series was assessed. In situ data about cropland, crop type and biophysical variables were shared by site managers, most of them belonging to the “Joint Experiment for Crop Assessment and Monitoring” network. This data set allowed testing and comparing across sites the methodologies that will be at the core of the future “Sentinel­2 for Agriculture” system.Instituto de Clima y AguaFil: Bontemps, Sophie. Université Catholique de Louvain. Earth and Life Institute; BélgicaFil: Arias, Marcela. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Cara, Cosmin. CS Romania S.A.; RumaniaFil: Dedieu, Gérard. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Guzzonato, Eric. CS Systèmes d’Information; FranciaFil: Hagolle, Olivier. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Inglada, Jordi. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Matton, Nicolas. Université Catholique de Louvain. Earth and Life Institute; BélgicaFil: Morin, David. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Popescu, Ramona. CS Romania S.A.; RumaniaFil: Rabaute, Thierry. CS Systèmes d’Information; FranciaFil: Savinaud, Mickael. CS Systèmes d’Information; FranciaFil: Sepulcre, Guadalupe. Université Catholique de Louvain. Earth and Life Institute; BélgicaFil: Valero, Silvia. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Ahmad, Ijaz. Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission. Space Applications Research Complex. National Agriculture Information Center Directorate; PakistánFil: Bégué, Agnès. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; FranciaFil: Wu, Bingfang. Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth; República de ChinaFil: De Abelleyra, Diego. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Diarra, Alhousseine. Université Cadi Ayyad. Faculté des Sciences Semlalia; MarruecosFil: Dupuy, Stéphane. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; FranciaFil: French, Andrew. United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center; ArgentinaFil: Akhtar, Ibrar ul Hassan. Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission. Space Applications Research Complex. National Agriculture Information Center Directorate; PakistánFil: Kussul, Nataliia. National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Space Research Institute and State Space Agency of Ukraine; UcraniaFil: Lebourgeois, Valentine. Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développerment; FranciaFil: Le Page, Michel. Université Cadi Ayyad. Faculté des Sciences Semlalia. Laboratoire Mixte International TREMA; Marruecos. Universite de Toulose - Le Mirail. Centre d’Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère; FranciaFil: Newby, Terrence. Agricultural Research Council; SudáfricaFil: Savin, Igor. V.V. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute; RusiaFil: Verón, Santiago Ramón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Clima y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Koetz, Benjamin. European Space Agency. European Space Research Institute; ItaliaFil: Defourny, Pierre. Université Catholique de Louvain. Earth and Life Institute; Bélgic

Towards an automated satellite-based alarm system for global forest monitoring

Forests contribution to climate regulation and biodiversity conservation is widely recognized and their global monitoring has received particular attention. This thesis aims at developing an automated alarm system, based on high temporal resolution time series, which enables the near-real time detection of active forest change at sub-continental scales while accounting for the forest variability in space and over time. The concept of land surface change is first discussed in order to define the scope of the land surface monitoring systems. An automated and statistically-based forest change detection method is then developed. The method is based on a per-object approach applied in a multitemporal context and quantitatively integrates the forest variability in space and over time. Based on SPOT-VEGETATION time series, this method proves to be able to yearly detect deforestation hot-spots in the tropical forests of Brazil and Borneo with accuracies higher than 80%. Its efficiency is also demonstrated in the Mediterranean forest ecosystem using MERIS time series. In parallel, a multi-threshold analytical framework is implemented for the forest change detection and a decision-tool based on the ROC curves is implemented to select the appropriate threshold value according to the monitoring objectives. Accordingly, by taking advantage of high temporal resolution time series, the developed method demonstrates its efficiency to detect active forest change at subcontinental scales with reliability and on a yearly basis. These are valuable findings to move towards a regular and global alarm system for forest monitoring.(AGRO 3) -- UCL, 201

The rock shelter of Rochedane (level A4), north-eastern France and epigravettian's influences at the end of Tardiglacial

La fin des temps glaciaires est une période d’importants changements. La transition Tardiglaciaire-Holocène est marquée par de nombreuses variations climatiques qui rythment la recomposition de la faune et de la flore. Entre le XIIIe et le Xe millénaire avant notre ère, les sociétés humaines d’Europe occidentale connaissent elles aussi d’importantes mutations techno-économiques et sociales. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’évolution des sociétés contemporaines du Dryas récent et, plus particulièrement, aux transformations des industries lithiques et à la signification paléohistorique de ces changements.L’assemblage lithique du niveau A4 de l’abri de Rochedane (Villars-sous-Dampjoux, Doubs) constitue le point de départ de notre réflexion. L’étude de ce corpus, à travers une approche typologique et techno-économique, a permis de confirmer et d’affiner le modèle d’organisation chrono-culturel proposé ces dernières années par A. Thévenin. Ainsi peut-on confirmer l’existence d’un faciès de type Rochedane et en préciser les caractéristiques. L’insertion de ces données dans un cadre chronologique et géographique plus large révèle que l’identité des industries de type Rochedane est double puisque ces industries appartiennent à la fois au monde épigravettien et au techno-complexe des Straight Blades and Bladelets Industries.The end of glacial time is a period of change. The succession of different vegetations and faunas from the end of Lateglacial period to the beginning of the Holocene is marked by the large range and sometimes short time climatic fluctuations. Between the XIIIth and Xth millenniums BC, human societies of Western Europe experienced also significant techno-economic and social changes. This study focuses on the evolution of Younger Dryas societies and more specifically on the transformation of lithic industries and on the palaeohistoric meaning of these changes.The lithic material of the A4 level of Rochedane rock shelter (Villars-sous-Dampjoux, Doubs, France) constitutes a first rate corpus to reflect on this issue. The study of this corpus, which integrates the technological, typological and economical aspects of lithic industry, has allowed us to confirm and refine the chrono-cultural organizational model proposed those last years by A. Thévenin. Confronting results obtained from Rochedane to those groups located in bordering regions, this work has allowed the definition of “industries de type Rochedane”. The inclusion of these data within the European context has led to the understanding of population dynamics of the area and to the development of a reflection on the cultural and technical exchanges in Western Europe during the Late Glacial. Identity of “industries de type Rochedane” is double: those industries are part of epigravettian world and of Straight Blades and Bladelets Industries

Mapping forest change in Borneo in 2000-2006 by a multispectral statistically-based detection technique with SPOT-VEGETATION

This research aims to develop a multispectral, object-oriented and statistically-based change detection method using SPOT-VEGETATION time series. The dataset consists in daily images spanning years 2000 to 2006 and covering Bornean forest ecosystems. Seasonal composites are processed and homogeneous objects are delineated through a multi-temporal segmentation procedure. Each object is defined by a signature describing its spectral behaviour during years to compare. Such signature is formed by reflectance values of analyzed composites and is statistically expressed allowing accounting for temporal correlations existing between and within time series. Each object is compared to an unchanged situation through a distance computation and a Chi-square test. Objects associated to high distances -indicative of change -are identified and associated to a change probability. The algorithm analyses red, NIR, SWIR and NDVI channels independently, resulting in four distinct sets of detections. These results are then combined to keep only objects detected as changed by the four channels. The overall accuracy ranges from 80% to 91% according to the threshold of probability used and the compared years. In terms of change temporal trajectories, we note a sharp increase of changed area in 2003. We also observe that from 2000 to 2006, fire is always the dominant change factor, with 62% to 82% of detections corresponding to burned areas. Our observations confirm that Borneo currently undergoes environmental degradation dynamics.Anglai